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Vier Oberflächen beantworten dieselbe Frage. Die, die Sie wollen, ist meist der Adapter des Feeds, denn er ist ein Chainlink AggregatorV3Interface, und Ihr vorhandener Code spricht ihn bereits.

Aus einem Contract

Der Adapter ist ein Chainlink AggregatorV3Interface

The adapter implements AggregatorV3Interface with the same five functions and the same signatures, so existing code that reads a Chainlink feed compiles and runs against it unchanged. Point your consumer at the feed's adapter and it works.

Es gibt zwei Formen, und sie halten dieselben Runden. Das Register schlüsselt jeden Lesezugriff über feedId; ein Adapter pro Feed heftet eine feedId an eine Adresse, sodass eine gegen Chainlink geschriebene Konsumentin nichts über Feed-IDs wissen muss.

solidity
// The adapter: what an existing Chainlink consumer already calls.
AggregatorV3Interface feed = AggregatorV3Interface(adapter);
(, int256 answer,, uint256 updatedAt,) = feed.latestRoundData();
uint8 decimals = feed.decimals();          // 8 on every feed today - read it anyway

// The registry: one address for all 33 feeds, keyed by the hash of the symbol.
bytes32 feedId = keccak256(bytes("XAU/USD"));
(, int256 gold,, uint256 goldUpdatedAt,) = registry.latestRoundData(feedId);
uint8 state = registry.status(feedId);     // 1 open, 2 closed
uint64 observedAt = registry.latestObservedAt(feedId);

Die sechs Dinge, die eine Chainlink-Konsumentin wissen sollte, bevor sie sich darauf verlässt:

  • One adapter per feed, holding no data: it stores the registry address and its own feedId and forwards every call. Rounds live in the registry.
  • startedAt equals updatedAt. Every round is a single transmission, as an OCR feed reports it, and answeredInRound equals roundId because no round is ever carried over.
  • updatedAt is the block timestamp of the publishing transaction, not the time the price was observed. The observation time is observedAt(feedId, roundId) on the registry, which usually LEADS updatedAt - that is why it is kept off the Chainlink tuple, where startedAt <= updatedAt is assumed.
  • The adapter emits no events. A consumer watching AnswerUpdated on it sees nothing; the registry emits FeedUpdated(feedId, ...) instead, and feedId is indexed.
  • version() returns 2, which is this layer's version and not a Chainlink aggregator version.
  • latestRoundData() on a feed that has never been written reverts with Error("No data present"), bubbled from the registry unchanged. The legacy latestAnswer() does not revert - it reads the ring at index 0 and returns 0, which is exactly the zero a consumer must not treat as a price.

Wer selbst prüft, will das Register statt des Adapters, denn der Status und die Beobachtungszeit stehen nicht im Chainlink-Tupel:

solidity
interface IPickleFeeds {
    function latestRoundData(bytes32 feedId)
        external view returns (uint80, int256, uint256, uint256, uint80);
    function status(bytes32 feedId) external view returns (uint8);
    function decimals(bytes32 feedId) external view returns (uint8);
}

uint8 constant STATUS_OPEN = 1;
uint8 constant STATUS_CLOSED = 2;

/// maxAge is YOUR tolerance, in seconds, and it only applies while the market is open.
function priceOf(IPickleFeeds registry, bytes32 feedId, uint256 maxAge)
    internal view returns (int256 answer, uint8 decimals)
{
    uint256 updatedAt;
    // Reverts with Error("No data present") when the feed has never been written.
    (, answer,, updatedAt,) = registry.latestRoundData(feedId);
    require(answer > 0, "feed: non-positive answer");

    uint8 state = registry.status(feedId);
    require(state == STATUS_OPEN || state == STATUS_CLOSED, "feed: status unknown");
    // A closed market's last print is the right price for as long as it is closed.
    if (state == STATUS_OPEN) {
        require(block.timestamp - updatedAt <= maxAge, "feed: stale");
    }
    decimals = registry.decimals(feedId);
}

Die Lesezugriffe des Registers

  • latestRoundData(bytes32 feedId) returns (uint80 roundId, int256 answer, uint256 startedAt, uint256 updatedAt, uint80 answeredInRound)
  • getRoundData(bytes32 feedId, uint80 roundId) returns (uint80, int256, uint256, uint256, uint80)
  • latestAnswer(bytes32 feedId) returns (int256)
  • latestTimestamp(bytes32 feedId) returns (uint256)
  • latestRound(bytes32 feedId) returns (uint256)
  • observedAt(bytes32 feedId, uint80 roundId) returns (uint64)
  • latestObservedAt(bytes32 feedId) returns (uint64)
  • status(bytes32 feedId) returns (uint8)
  • source(bytes32 feedId) returns (uint8)
  • decimals(bytes32 feedId) returns (uint8)
  • description(bytes32 feedId) returns (string)
  • symbol(bytes32 feedId) returns (string)
  • feed(bytes32 feedId) returns (FeedView)
  • feeds(uint256 offset, uint256 limit) returns (FeedView[])
  • feedCount() returns (uint256)
  • feedIdAt(uint256 index) returns (bytes32)
  • adapterOf(bytes32 feedId) returns (address)
  • adapterAddress(bytes32 feedId) returns (address)
  • version() returns (uint256)

Die Lesezugriffe des Adapters

  • decimals() returns (uint8)
  • description() returns (string)
  • version() returns (uint256)
  • latestRoundData() returns (uint80 roundId, int256 answer, uint256 startedAt, uint256 updatedAt, uint80 answeredInRound)
  • getRoundData(uint80 roundId) returns (uint80, int256, uint256, uint256, uint80)
  • latestAnswer() returns (int256)
  • latestTimestamp() returns (uint256)
  • latestRound() returns (uint256)
  • symbol() returns (string)

Keine der beiden Adressen ist auf dieser Website gedruckt. Die Adressen auflösen zeigt, wie Sie sie aus der Chain bekommen.

Die Antwort und ihre Dezimalstellen

Eine Antwort ist eine Festkomma-Ganzzahl, kein Float und kein Wei. Jeder Feed in der Genesis-Menge trägt decimals = 8, eine Antwort von 415012345678 ist also 4150.12345678. Das Feld erlaubt 0 bis 18 und gilt pro Feed, lesen Sie es also aus dem Feed, statt die 8 in Ihre Konsumentin einzukompilieren.

javascript
// answer arrives as a decimal string, because it does not fit a JS number safely.
const { answer, decimals, price } = result;         // "415012345678", 8, "4150.12345678"
const scaled = BigInt(answer);                       // keep it integral
const human = Number(scaled) / 10 ** decimals;       // only for display

// price is the same number pre-formatted with exactly `decimals` digits.
// Never parseFloat(answer) and never compare two feeds without rescaling both.

Null ist kein Preis

Der Contract verweigert eine nicht positive Antwort, eine Null erreicht also nie eine Runde. Eine Null, die Sie lesen, kam daher von woanders: von einem alten latestAnswer() auf einem Feed, der nie geschrieben wurde, oder von einem Aufruf an eine Adresse ohne Code, der gelingt und nichts zurückgibt. Prüfen Sie roundId != 0, oder nehmen Sie latestRoundData(), das stattdessen revertet.

Über JSON-RPC

Drei Methoden, alle schlichte Lesezugriffe ohne Schlüssel und ohne Konto. Sie stehen mit jeder anderen Methode in der JSON-RPC-Referenz; was folgt, ist das, was sie für diese Schicht beantworten.

Params
none
Rückgabe
{ core, version, blockNumber, timestamp, publisher, owner, genesisStateHash, feeds: [FeedObject] }

The whole registry in one read, and the answer to "what assets are there". The node reads feeds(offset, 256) against the published state snapshot once per EVM block and memoises it, so a client polling the list costs about what one eth_call costs.

Params
[feed] - "ETH/USD", "ETH-USD", "eth-usd" or "0x<64 hex feedId>"
Rückgabe
one FeedObject, the shape pickle_prices lists

One feed. A name that is not a well-formed symbol or a 32-byte id, or one the chain does not carry, answers -32602 "unknown feed" - never an empty answer that reads as a price of zero.

Params
none
Rückgabe
{ configured, pair, contract, roundId, answer, price, decimals, updatedAt, observedAt, ageSecs, staleAfterSecs, staleOnchain, feedId, adapter, core }

ETH/USD alone, in the shape the first version of this layer served, with contract set to the feed's adapter. When the feed cannot be read it answers an object carrying an error field rather than failing, so a caller must check for it.

bash
curl -s $RPC_URL -H 'content-type: application/json' \
  -d '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"pickle_price","params":["AAPL-USD"]}'

# -> {"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"result":{
#      "symbol":"AAPL/USD","feedId":"0x...","adapter":"0x...","decimals":8,
#      "roundId":184,"answer":"23144000000","price":"231.44000000",
#      "updatedAt":1758470400,"observedAt":1758470396,
#      "status":2,"statusName":"closed","source":2,"sourceName":"pyth",
#      "ageSecs":51840,"staleAfterSecs":330,"staleOnchain":false, ... }}
#
# staleOnchain is FALSE at fourteen hours old, because the market is closed.

Das Feed-Objekt

FeldValue
symbol"ETH/USD"the canonical spelling
feedId0x + 64 hexkeccak256 of the symbol
adapterchecksummed addressthis feed's Chainlink-shaped face; the one to point a consumer at
decimals8read it rather than assuming it
roundIduint0 means never written. answer, price, updatedAt and observedAt are then null
answerinteger as a stringthe fixed-point integer. 415012345678 at 8 decimals is 4150.12345678
pricedecimal stringthe same number formatted with exactly `decimals` fractional digits. A convenience, never a float
updatedAtunix secondsthe timestamp of the block that wrote the round
observedAtunix secondswhen the source saw the price. Usually LEADS updatedAt
status / statusName0 unknown, 1 open, 2 closed, 3 halted3 is reserved and never published. Check this before you check the age
source / sourceName0 unknown, 1 exchanges-median, 2 pythwhich method produced this round
ageSecsnow - updatedAtwall clock at the request, not at the seal. null on an unwritten feed
staleAfterSecs30, or heartbeat + 30flat on an everyBlock feed; a deviation feed gets its heartbeat plus the default, so a feed that has not moved is not stale until it has missed a heartbeat
staleOnchainbooleanageSecs > staleAfterSecs AND the status is not closed. An unwritten feed is always true
policy / policyName0 paused, 1 everyBlock, 2 deviationwith deviationBps, heartbeatSecs and maxStepBps beside them
capacityring lengthhow many rounds back getRoundData can still reach
Diese Lesezugriffe zehren am Budget für teure Lesezugriffe

All three methods run on the blocking pool and draw on the same token bucket as eth_call, eth_estimateGas and eth_getLogs: they simulate against the state snapshot. Exhausting it answers -32005 "rate limit exceeded for expensive read methods".

The registry read is memoised on the block tip, so the first caller in a block pays for the catalog decode and the rest do not. Leader and replica answer identically because both read the published snapshot rather than live execution state.

Aus dem Orakeldienst

Diese API ist auf keinem öffentlichen Host veröffentlicht

The oracle service answers on port 3005 for reads and 3006 for the batch the node polls. The deployment binds 3005 to loopback and leaves 3006 unpublished, and no public vhost proxies either one.

Treat the JSON-RPC price methods as the public read surface. The routes below matter when you run the stack yourself, and when you need the per-venue detail the chain does not carry.

Was er gegenüber der Chain hinzufügt, ist der Rechenweg: welcher Handelsplatz frisch war, welcher in den Median einging, wie weit jeder davon entfernt lag, und warum ein Feed nicht veröffentlicht. Wenn ein Preis fehlt, steht hier der Grund.

/v1/prices

GET

Every feed's FeedView, with generatedAtMs. The service-side equivalent of pickle_prices, plus the per-source detail: which venue was fresh, which was included in the median, each one's age, spread and delivery lag.

/v1/price/{symbol}

GET

One feed. The symbol may be ETH/USD, ETH-USD, eth-usd, the percent-encoded slash, or 0x + 64 hex. Anything else, or a feed that does not exist, answers 404 {"error":"unknown feed"}.

/v1/stream

GET

Server-sent events. An immediate prices event with every feed, then one per change carrying only the feeds that changed, plus an onchain event per new block listing the feeds whose round advanced. Bursts are coalesced and a keepalive comment is sent when nothing has moved.

/v1/eth-usd and /v1/eth-usd/stream

GET

The ETH/USD view and its stream in the shape the first version of this service served, kept for its consumers. The same data as /v1/price/ETH-USD under the original key names.

/v1/sources

GET

Operational rather than price data: every venue with its connection state, per-product message counts, reconnects and last message time, the Pyth client's state and per-feed accept and reject counters, and the chain poller's own status. This is where you look when a feed is stale and you want to know which leg failed.

/v1/contract

GET

The registry's address, owner, publisher and feed count as read from the chain, the two ABIs when the build artefacts are present, every feed's adapter, and the event topic hashes - recomputed locally so they are served even without the ABI files.

/v1/pyth/audit/{symbol}

GET

The raw accepted updates for one feed, up to 256 deep, with their publish times and slots, plus the reject counters by reason. The audit trail behind a price.

/health and /ready

GET

/health is 200 unless a worker thread has died. /ready is 503 while starting, when no feed is fresh, when the chain is unreachable or the registry has gone stale on chain - and 200 with a pyth_unauthorized warning when the credential is missing, because that is a degraded service rather than an unready one.

Zwei Ports, zwei Publikumsgruppen. Die Lese-API antwortet auf 3005; der Batch, den der Node abfragt, ist ein eigener Listener auf 3006, der einen HMAC über genau die Bytes des Körpers in X-Pickle-Batch-Hmac trägt, und den öffentlichen Listener nach /v1/publish zu fragen antwortet mit 404, statt zuzugeben, dass die Route existiert. Jeder Fehlerkörper ist ein fester String: kein Pfad, kein Upstream, kein Ausnahmetext.

Was eine Feed-Ansicht über die Chain hinaus trägt

FeldValue
stale + reasonboolean and a codeno_sources, too_few_sources, starting, market_closed, cross_check_diverged, or a Pyth reason - state, age, lag, no_data
market{ isOpen, schedule, hermesIsOpen, nextOpen, nextClose, nextTransition }present on all 33 feeds, since every one carries a Pyth id; null only on a feed configured without one. The schedule is the raw schedule string
sourcesone row per venue, plus the Pyth rowprice, kind (mid or last), observedAtMs, ageMs, fresh, included, spreadBps, lagMs, state
degradedbooleanthe median was taken on exactly minSources venues; one more drop-out and the feed stops publishing
dispersed + dispersionBpsboolean and an integerthe spread between the included venues, and whether it exceeded the limit even after the outlier was dropped
outlierDroppedvenue name or nullwhich venue was excluded from this median
crossCheckBps + crossCheckDivergedinteger and booleanhow far the exchange median sits from the Pyth price for the same feed
lastKnown{ price, observedAtMs, ageMs } or nullthe last good answer while the feed is stale. Shown for diagnosis - it is not republished on chain
onchainthe chain's own row for this feedpolled once a second, so the service can show what actually landed beside what it computed

Veraltete Preise

Lesen Sie den Status vor dem Alter

Read status first, then staleness. A closed market's last print is the correct price for as long as the market is closed, and a naive "reject anything older than N minutes" check rejects every equity every weekend.

FallRegel
everyBlock feedstale after 30 sORACLE_STALE_AFTER_SECS on the node, matching the service's setting of the same name
deviation feedstale after heartbeat + 30 s90 s on the crypto feeds, 330 s on every real-world feed. A feed that has not moved is not late
status closednever stale by agestaleOnchain stays false while the market is closed, however old the round is
roundId 0always stalenever written. answer and price are null, and the adapter's latestRoundData reverts

staleOnchain ist der Node, der diese Regeln für Sie anwendet, an der Wanduhr Ihrer Anfrage statt der der Versiegelung. Es ist eine Bequemlichkeit: Eine Konsumentin innerhalb eines Contracts hat kein solches Feld und muss updatedAt gegen ihre eigene Toleranz vergleichen, was die Prüfung ist, die das Beispiel oben macht.

updatedAt ist in jedem Fall das ehrliche Signal, denn es rückt schlicht nicht mehr vor, sobald die Veröffentlichung aufhört. Es gibt keine Alterskontrolle on-chain, auf die man sich stützen könnte: There is deliberately no on-chain age check on observedAt. The node replays its write-ahead log with the restart-time timestamp, so a rule of the form block.timestamp - observedAt <= maxAge would fail every replayed update. Freshness is enforced by the publisher, which does not submit a stale aggregate, and by you, through updatedAt - which simply stops advancing when publication stops.

Der Dienst meldet neben stale einen reason, und die Gründe lohnen es, getrennt behandelt zu werden: too_few_sources heißt, Handelsplätze sind weggefallen, cross_check_diverged heißt, die Handelsplätze und die zweite Quelle widersprechen sich und der Feed schweigt absichtlich, market_closed heißt, es ist überhaupt nichts falsch. Wie jeder davon entsteht, steht unter Wie ein Preis entsteht.

Handelszeiten

Each feed with a Pyth leg carries a schedule: a time zone, seven day patterns starting Monday, and a list of dated overrides for holidays and half-days. It is resolved against the real time-zone database, so a market opens at 09:30 local whatever the daylight-saving offset that day.

AbschnittGrammatik
Time zoneAmerica/New_Yorkthe first section; every schedule in the catalog uses it
A dayO, C, or HHMM-HHMMO is the whole day, C is closed. Ranges are half-open and joined with & for a day with a break
OverridesMMDD/speca dated exception using the same day grammar - 1225/C for a holiday, 1127/0930-1300 for a half-day
FeedsZeitplan
Crypto and the energy indicesO,O,O,O,O,O,Oopen every day, all day, with no overrides
The nine equities0930-1600 Monday to Friday, C,C at the weekendwith the exchange holiday and half-day list as overrides
EUR/USD, GBP/USD, USD/JPY, USD/CHFcontinuous to 17:00 Friday, closed Saturday, reopening 17:00 Sundaytwo dated overrides shorten the sessions around the end of December
XAU/USD, XAG/USD, USD/CNHa daily 17:00-18:00 break, closed Saturday, reopening Sunday eveningthe metals carry the longer holiday list

The upstream also reports whether the market is open right now. That flag wins while its poll is fresh and no scheduled transition has passed since - it knows about a halt or an unlisted holiday that the schedule does not. Otherwise the schedule decides.

The status machinery applies to a feed whose price comes from the second source, which is every real-world feed. A feed publishing an exchange median reports status open, and that is consistent rather than a gap: all thirteen of them are crypto pairs whose schedule is open every day, all day.

Ein geschlossener Markt ist kein veralteter Feed

The price that stands while a market is closed is the one seen at the close, never anything republished afterwards. It is published with status closed and reason market_closed, and it is republished on a one-hour heartbeat rather than on the feed's normal cadence.

Das Tor zur Wiedereröffnung. Going from closed back to open needs one accepted update whose publish time is later than the newest one seen up to the reopen. Until that arrives the feed keeps reporting closed and the standing price, so a stale pre-close print is never labelled as an open-market quote. A restart while the market is closed adopts the first accepted update as the standing price, because there was no close to observe.

Lücken sind zu erwarten. The first print after a reopen legitimately gaps. The contract's step check is bypassed whenever the status changed, so that print lands instead of being skipped as an implausible move.

Für eine Konsumentin heißt das dreierlei. Ein Aktien-Feed kann zweieinhalb Tage lang berechtigterweise unverändert sein, ohne veraltet zu sein. Eine naive Frischeprüfung lehnt jeden Feed auf einen realen Vermögenswert jedes Wochenende ab, und jeden davon jede Nacht. Und eine Position, die nicht auf einem Preis liquidiert werden darf, den gerade niemand stellt, sollte status lesen und sich weigern zu handeln, solange er 2 ist, statt auf einem stehenden Preis zu handeln, der richtig, aber bewegungslos ist.

javascript
const feed = result;                       // one feed object

if (feed.roundId === 0) throw new Error("never written");
if (feed.statusName === "unknown") throw new Error("status not established");

const closed = feed.statusName === "closed";
if (!closed && feed.staleOnchain) throw new Error("stale while open");

// closed === true is a valid, current price for a market that is not trading.
// Decide deliberately whether your product acts on it.

Runden, Historie und Auslassungen

Rounds live in a fixed-size ring per feed rather than an append-only history. Round r sits at index r % capacity, is readable while latestRound - r < capacity, and is overwritten afterwards.

getRoundData on an evicted round reverts with "No data present", not with a zero answer. A feed with capacity 1,024 keeps its last 1,024 rounds and no more, so an indexer that wants full history reads the FeedUpdated logs rather than paging the ring.

updateMany never reverts on a bad item. One stale or out-of-range feed in a batch of sixty must not cost the other fifty-nine their round, so a bad item is skipped with a FeedSkipped(feedId, reason) log and the rest are written. Only a malformed batch - mismatched array lengths, over maxBatch, or a sender that is not the publisher - reverts.

GrundBedeutung
1unknown feedno feed registered under that id
2pausedthe feed's policy is paused
3answer out of rangenot strictly positive, or wider than int128
4observedAt in the futurebeyond block.timestamp + futureTolerance
5observedAt regressedolder than the feed's last observation; the round would go backwards in time
6step too largea move wider than the feed's maxStepBps - 2,000 bps on the equities and energy indices, 1,000 on the metals, 500 on FX, disabled on everything crypto. Bypassed whenever the status changed, so a reopening gap still lands

Ein ausgelassener Eintrag ist nur als FeedSkipped-Log sichtbar: Die Runde rückt nicht vor, und die vorherige Antwort bleibt stehen. Wer einen Feed beobachtet, sollte daher FeedUpdated mit der Feed-ID als indexiertem Topic beobachten - es ist das Event, das der Adapter nicht ausgibt - und ein langes Schweigen als das nehmen, was es ist, statt auf einen Fehler zu warten, der nie kommt.